A. „Foreign Military Review“ „8, 1989. Military Medical Journal No. 5, 1990, No. 7, 1991.

Among the total losses from chemical weapons, the number of dead ("irreversible losses") depends mainly on the type of poison used by the enemy. In the case of the use of toxic substances of neuro-paralytic action and hydrocyanic acid, the percentage of irreversible losses is high, with the use of mustard gas and phosgene – much less, and for lesions of toxic substances that temporarily disable a person ( irritants, lacrimation and psychochemical toxins). not at all characteristic.

Among the sanitary losses, the share of the severely affected will also be different:

when using toxic substances such as sarin, they can be more than 50%, when using mustard – much less than half.

The use of toxic substances by ground or airborne means with metal shells equipped with impact detonators and sufficient explosives not only to open the shell, but also to form small fragments, can lead to the fact that some of the affected are exposed to a combined effect – toxic and traumatic. They will need both therapeutic (80-90% of cases) and chemical care.

The number of people exposed to toxic substances depends on the density of troops per 1 km2.

determines the size and structure of sanitary losses. To illustrate the value of this position, we provide data related to sarin.

In the United States, there are four degrees of human protection before the use of sarin:

Troops in gas masks. Sanitary losses will be minimal – up to 15%. The troops are equipped with gas masks and are good at using them, but at the time of the use of toxic substances did not use protective equipment. Troops are equipped with gas masks, but poorly trained to use them. Troops without gas masks. It is assumed that up to 80% of unprotected personnel can be affected.

Thus, the losses will be different depending on the level of protection of troops: in some cases they will lose 4-10-15%, and in others – almost all personnel.

Meteorological conditions also affect in some way the human body and the stability of toxic substances in the environment, which affects the size of sanitary losses and their structure.

literature

Textbook "Military medical training"… FI Komarov, Medicine, 1984"Nuclear weapons"… Handbook for Officers, 1988"Losses in past wars" 1756-1918 Reference book. Medgiz, 1974 Kaminsky LS, Novoselsky SA"Foreign military review" "8, 1989. Military Medical Journal No. 5, 1990, No. 7, 1991.

10/11/2011

State support of servicemen. Abstract

The abstract provides information on social protection, benefits, state support of servicemen, members of their families

The state provides social and legal protection to servicemen and members of their families, and provides a number of benefits. According to the law of Ukraine "On social and legal protection of servicemen and members of their families" they are provided with social guarantees on employment, housing, education, recreation, guaranteed freedom of scientific, technical, artistic creativity.

Benefits to servicemen provided by labor legislation. Time spent in military service is included in the total and continuous work experience, as well as in the length of service in the specialty. Soldiers do not have the right to engage in entrepreneurial activity.

Conscripts who before conscription worked at enterprises, institutions, organizations, regardless of ownership and management, retain upon discharge from military service the right to employ them for three months at the same enterprise (institution or organization) or his successor (an enterprise formed on the basis of the previous one) to a position not lower than the one they held before conscription.

Discharged from military service are provided with material assistance in the amount of a monthly salary at the expense of the state budget. All other things being equal, they enjoy the preemptive right to remain in employment during the reduction of the number or staff due to changes in the organization of production and labor within two years from the date of discharge from military service.

Soldiers whose families have lost a breadwinner (father, mother, sister, brother, wife) and do not have other able-bodied family members are discharged from military service early.

The state provides social and professional adaptation to discharged servicemen who did not have time to find a job before conscription. Citizens called up for military service or accepted for contract service are paid severance pay in the amount of two months‘ salary.

Family members of conscripts have a preemptive right to be recruited and retained during redundancies or staff reductions, as well as to be given priority for in-service training, retraining and retraining for the period of training and the average monthly salary pay.

Local authorities should, as a matter of priority, employ the wives of conscripts in the event of their dismissal in the event of reductions or redundancies, liquidation, reorganization or reorganization of enterprises, institutions, and place their children in preschools, regardless of their departmental affiliation.

Material support and rest of conscripts. The state guarantees servicemen material and other support in the amounts that stimulate the interest of Ukrainian citizens in military service. Soldiers receive at the expense of the state, in accordance with the position and rank, money, as well as property, housing, food.

Soldiers and members of their families who suffered as a result of the Chernobyl accident enjoy all the benefits provided by the law of Ukraine "On the status and social protection of citizens affected by the Chernobyl disaster"…

The time of service, rest, uniforms, duty of conscripts is established in accordance with the statutes of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. When performing military service duties on weekends, holidays and non-working days, the rest time is set by the commander (chief).

Conscripts are granted 20-day leave for the entire period of military service: soldiers and sailors – 20 days, sergeants and sergeants – 25 days, excluding the time required to move to the place of leave and back.

Health benefits. It is envisaged to create the necessary sanitary and hygienic and living conditions, taking into account the specifics of the service and the economic situation. Soldiers are provided with free qualified medical care in military medical institutions. If there are no such facilities at the place of service (as well as in emergencies), medical care for servicemen is provided in medical and preventive facilities of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. Medical care for members of the families of servicemen is provided on a general basis.

Soldiers who became disabled as a result of hostilities, as well as combatants are equated in rights to the disabled and participants of the Great Patriotic War.

Soldiers of military service, cadets of military educational institutions, in the presence of the corresponding medical indications, are provided with free sanatorium treatment.

Medical and health work with young men before being drafted into the army is carried out at the place of residence https://123helpme.me/buy-compare-and-contrast-essay/, study or work by health authorities and institutions. According to the results of the medical examination, the young men are prescribed the necessary treatment.

Rights and benefits provided by housing legislation. Conscripts are housed in barracks (on ships) in accordance with military statutes. Behind them is the living space they occupied before being called up for service.

During the first three months of service, their living space should not be occupied by anyone; then this area, if it is not inhabited by members of the serviceman’s family, may be given to other citizens who are obliged to vacate it upon the serviceman’s return from service. In case of refusal of new tenants to vacate the premises, they are subject to eviction in court, regardless of the term of providing them with other premises. Conscripts cannot be excluded from the lists of citizens accepted for housing registration.

Cadets of higher military educational institutions who have a family are provided with living space in family dormitories. If there is no dormitory, they are paid monetary compensation at the place of service for temporary renting (renting) of housing in the amounts determined by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.

Benefits in the field of education. Persons who were called up for military service during the training period, upon dismissal, are enrolled to continue their studies in the same educational institution where they studied before conscription. Conscripts may only enter military schools. Servicemen admitted to the entrance exams to higher military educational institutions are granted an additional 30-day leave to prepare.

Other benefits for conscripts. Conscripts are exempt from income tax on all types of cash benefits they receive in their military unit, and military builders are exempt from their salaries.

Conscripts enjoy the right to free travel on public passenger transport (all types, except taxis), public road transport in rural areas, rail and water transport of suburban services, suburban buses.

Conscripts have the right to send and receive letters free of charge. The personal clothes of young men called up for military service are sent by free postal parcels.